It is hoped that this video will benefit the public for more general knowledge of amphetamine.
And my teammates and i will be talking about amphetamine for this video this is for the class b10221 for dr farah ahmed i’m going to talk about the background of amphetamine so firstly the ipad name is one phenopropantuamin so if you’re wondering why there’s amin is because there’s an amine structure attached to the chemical structure and the chemical formula
Is c9h13n so i’m going to talk about the background so amphetamine has two enantiomers first is level amphetamine and dextroamphetamine which were discovered in 1887. so during world war ii amphetamine and methamphetamine were used extensively by allied and axis forces for their stimulant and performance and enhancing effects neither drug had a from assault
Pharmacological use until 1934 when smith klein and french began selling amphetamine as an inhaler under the training benzedrine for congestion so here is for the synthesis based on plant-based resources so amphetamines are derived from ephedra a plant native to china and also mongolia so many cultures have used ephedra as a stimulant and for treating congestion
And asthma the plant contains ephedrine and pseudoephedrine which are natural alkaloids or neutrogenous organic compounds that cause a physiological response in humans these chemicals are the basis on which amphetamines were created i’m going to be explaining about the application of amphetamine amphetamine are drugs and they can be legal or illegal they are legal
When they are prescribed by a doctor and illegal when they are used without prescription to get high or improve performance there are several importance of amphetamine first amphetamine has has been established as an effective treatment for adhd which stands for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder which often appears in children but it can continue into
Adulthood amphetamine also been shown to improve brain development and nerve growth in children with adhd amphetamine also activates our receptors in in brain and increase the activity of several neurotransmitters especially dopamine dopamine is associated with pleasure movement and attention next amphetamine have also been used in the past to treat narcolepsy
Which a person will experience excessive daytime sleepiness not only that it is also used to treat depression especially in people who experience fatigue and apathy lastly amphetamine were first used to treat obesity due to their appetite suppressing capabilities researchers also researchers suggested that it might be a safe and effective way of boosting people’s
Motivation for lifestyle changes that can lead to weight loss amphetamines belong to the class of drugs known as timulins that causes hypertension with feelings of increase in confidence sociability and energy stimulants have the common property of increasing activity in the central nervous system which is seen as pure and vitamin a white orderless and has a bitter
Tasting crystalline powder amphetamines can be injected sniffed or taken as pills the effects usually start within 30 minutes and can be last for many hours amphetamine also are colorless of volatile liquid and slightly soluble in water so my corona madula herberakatu my name is noon and they just mean and now i’ll go over our synthesis pathway for our chosen drug
Amphetamine also known as 1 phenyl propane 2 amine is made from the organic compound benzodia there are four conversion passed in total i’ll walk you through each conversion route beginning with step benzodiazepine and nitro ethane ch3ch2 and o2 were condensed using aluminium carbonate in acetic acid as the catalyst and were heated under reflux for six hour this
Reaction gave one phenyl two nitro propane and yield of 54 with respect to the night to eating okay the second reaction used zinc powder in acetic acid to reduce one phenyl two nitropene to one phenyl true propanone zinc powder was determined to be the most efficient metal in the reduction of one phenol two nitropropine to one phenol trooper pronoun they are then
Heated and it reflux for two hour following this reaction steam distillation gave one phenol two propanone in a fifty-two percent yield for liquid reaction one phenyl two propanone reacted with stoichiometric amounts of ammonium carbonate and formic acid to give n from a lamb vitamin a yield of fifty percent ammonium carbonate was also used a source of nitrogen
And the reductive elimination of one figure two propanol to give n for my lamp vitamin the use of aluminum carbonate in both the first reaction which is the preparation of one infinite nitro two nitropropine and the third reaction reduces the total number of chemicals needed for the synthesis of amphetamine from benzadihide when aluminium carbonate is combined with
Formic acid amnion from it is generated a common geocart reagent used for the combustion of ketones due to formal derivatives for the final reaction the hydrolysis of n-formal amphetamine using hydrochloric acid produce our final product which is one phenyl propane two amine or amphetamine in a two to three thirty seven percent yield that’s all from me thank you so
The first mechanism is when we add nitro acetate into benzaldehyde to form one phenyl two nitro propane so we also add ammonium carbonate and acetic acid as the catalyst so what will happen ammonium carbonate will be protonate the nitroactin to form a resonant stabilized and onion so this anion will nucleophilically adds to the aldehyde to form a p nitro alcohol
Which is this uh one phenyl two natural propane the second mechanism is the reduction of one feminine two natural propane into one phenyl two propanol so in this preparation um we will use zinc metal and acetic acid so the third mechanism is the liquid reaction so we add ammonium carbonate and formic acid as the catalyst to generate ammonium formate so ammonium
Format right here will react with this carbonyl group in the final two propanone to form corresponding amine which is this n format and vitamin so the fourth mechanism is the hydrolysis of n formula amphetamine so water will be used to break the bond and to produce amphetamine so direction mixture is then gasified isolated and stainless steel to produce the
Freebies for this for this part i will explain about the reaction rate reduce selectivity and substitute effect about amphetamine okay for the first reaction that between the benzene lehigh that react with nitro nitro18 that produce one phenol to nitro propane the name of this reaction is henry reaction or we also can call it nitro aldo reaction but the effect on
Effect or effect on rate it’s very strongly deactivating while for the religious selectivity the major product and more stable at the position of meta and this reaction the substituent group is a nitro and the effect substituent is meta direct directing okay for the second direction for the second reaction between one phenyl two nitropropine reacts method the
Product that we produce with one phenol to protein the name of this reaction is reduction of nitro compound as we can see the effect on the strain is very it’s strongly deactivating and for the religious selectivity this this this compound is major product and more stable at the meta position for the substituent group is a forming and as we can know the effect of
Substituent was a meta directing okay for the second direction for the second reaction between one phenyl two nitropropine reacts the method the product that we produce with one training to profane the name of this reaction is reduction of nitro compound as we can see the effect on the strain is very is strongly deactivating and for the ritual selectivity this
This this compound is major product and more stable at the meta position for the substituent group is a forming and as we can know the effect of substitution was a meta directing hi assalamu alaikum uh my name and is and for the third direction direction involved is a new correction which the effect on break is strongly activating the substituent is the sl
Amino and the ritual selectivity is the major product and it is most stable at para the effect of the substituent is auto para directing and for the fault erection we’ve been through it is also involved uh look at erection and the effect on red is very strongly activating uh it is different from before it is on the uh stronger activating this one is very strongly
Activating and the substituent is amino and the reducer activity is major product and it is more stable at metal and the effect substituent is auto paradigm same as the iteration uh that’s all thank you and for the fourth direction we’ve been through it is also involved uh loot direction and the effect on red is very strongly activating uh it is different from
Before it is on the uh song activating this one is very strongly uh activating and the substituent is amino and the reducer activity is major product and it is more stable at metal and the effect substituent is auto paradigm same as the generation that’s all thank you
Transcribed from video
All About Amphetamine – POPBL BTEN 2211 By Zharfan Syamil