This recording will go over the following antihypertensive classifications central acting alpha-2 agonist alpha adrenergic blockers adhan adrenergic neuron blockers and also alpha 1 and beta-1 adrenergic blockers so first we’re talk about centrally acting alpha-2 agonist and if you remember back to when we talked about these receptors alpha 2 is the one that’s
Not like the others where in terms of lowering blood pressure other medications are going to be blocking blocking the beta receptors blocking the alpha 1 receptor alpha 2 medications are agonists right because alpha 2 receptors are different from the others these medications stimulate the alpha 2 receptors which in turn decreased sympathetic activity increase vagus
Activity decrease cardiac output and decrease serum epinephrine norepinephrine and rin and release all of these actions result and reduce peripheral vascular resistance and increase vasodilation and that’s what helps to decrease the blood pressure the prototype drug that you need to know is a centrally acting alpha-2 agonist is klima diene and high doses clonidine
Can cause sodium and water retention so frequently you’ll see it administered with a diuretic canadian is available and a transdermal preparation that provides seven-day duration of action so it’s important when you see someone with a patch on that you know what the patch is and how often it needs changed right these clonidine patch is a seven-day patch it’s not
Something that’s changed daily or removed at night or anything of that sort transdermal patches are replaced every seven days and may be left on while bathing skin irritation may occur some side effects and the adverse reactions of alpha-2 agonist include drowsiness dry mouth dizziness and bradycardia this group of drugs must not be abruptly discontinued because
A rebound hypertensive crisis may resolve if the drug needs to be stopped immediately another antihypertensive drug is usually prescribed to avoid rebound hypertensive sender symptoms such as restlessness tachycardia tremors headache and increased blood pressure the nurse should emphasize the need to take the medication as prescribed alpha adrenergic blockers or
Alpha blockers result and vasodilation and decreased blood pressure they help maintain the renal blood flow rate alpha blockers are useful in treating hypertension and patients with lipid abnormalities so cholesterol issues alpha blockers decrease ldl or the bad cholesterol and increase hdl levels or good cholesterol levels alpha blockers are safe for patients
With diabetes because they do not affect glucose metabolism they also do not affect respiratory function your prototype alpha blocker is prazosin prazosin is taken when prazosin is taken with alcohol or other antihypertensive the hypotensive state can be intensified alpha blockers can cause sodium and water retention with edema therefore diuretics are frequently
Given can commit tankmen tinley are together to decrease fluid accumulation in the extremities side effects of alpha adrenergic blockers are listed there for you orthostatic hypotension again showing up manifested in the patient with dizziness faintness lightheadedness and increased heart rate side effects also lists edema weight gain thats related to the sodium
And water retention they can be but that can occur when the patient is taking this medication if the patient takes an in said with that medication they might see increased edema prazosin has a decreased effect when taken with nsaids any other antihypertensive medication or alcohol can cause increased hypotensive effects of the medication your prototype adrenergic
Neuron blocker is recipient edge energic neuron blockers are potent antihypertensive drugs that black norepinephrine release from the sympathetic nervous and dean’s causing a decrease in norepinephrine release that results in lower blood pressure a decrease occurs in both cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance for sir pain the most potent drug is used
To control severe hypertension orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect as well as vivid dreams nightmares and suicidal ideation the group of drugs and this the group of drugs in this group can also cause sodium and water retention they can be taken alone or with a diuretic to decrease peripheral edema labayda law is your prototype alpha 1 beta 1 add energy
Blacker blocking the alpha 1 receptor causes vasodilation which decreases resistance to blood flow the effect on the alpha receptor is stronger than the effect on the beta receptor therefore blood pressures lower and posture 8 is moderately decreased the blacking of the cardiac beta 1 receptor results and decreased heart rate large doses of alpha beta blockers
Could block beta-2 adrenergic receptors thus increasing airway resistance patients who have severe asthma should not take large doses of labetalol please review your purple nursing process box for alpha adrenergic blockers again your prototype alpha adrenergic blockers prazosin please review that on your own has a lot of good information in it
Transcribed from video
anit HTN clonidine, reserpine, prazosin, labetalol By Meghan Rich