Pharmacognosy
Hello everyone i am miss priyanka sanjay latte working as lecturer at my education society’s monarola institute of pharmacy sony in this presentation i am going to discuss topic that is anti-tissue this topic we will discuss for first year deformed students content of presentation definition synonym biological source geographical distribution organoleptic
Characters cultivation and collection chemical constituents chemical tests uses and adulterants of following trucks in that first one possibly second one tulsi third one tolu balsam now firstly we will discuss definition anti-tissue that is the latin word latin disease means cough are the agents which acts upon the pulmonary membranes that alter expectoration
This stimulant and expel the bronchial mucus or secretions and help in their removal physiologically cough is very useful mechanism as it serves to clear the respiratory passages of origin material and excessive secretion the cuff should not be suppressed unless it does not serve any useful purpose except when sleep and rest is desired to the patient the example
Of anti-tissues are ephedra vasaka tulsi turpentine etc the antithesis acts in one of the following ways first one by relieving sperms of bronchial strips examples opium stromonium lobelia second one by mechanically the slopings as in the act of omitting for example a pica one third one by suiting the irritative respiratory center by making expulsion painless
For example morphine and codeine fourth one by stimulating the membrane during elimination so that expectoration is made easy for example senega and tolu balsam fifth one by increasing the flow from the inflamed membrane like pilocarpine and emitting now next we will discuss the first coup drugs that is vasa kalutes synonyms biological source wasaka consists
Of dried as well as fresh leaves of the plant adatura basica needs belonging to family acanthusis it contains not less than 0.6 percents of vasocine on dried basis geographical distribution vasaka is a drug indigenous to india it is found in sri lanka malaysia and burma it is found in sub himalayan track up to an altitude of 1000 meter and is also evidently
Available in kokan in that maharashtra now next point organoleptic characters it is tall much blanche and evergreen shrub the leaves of the plant are lenso light and large color dark green in color order characteristics test beater basically are 12 to 20 centimeter long 2.5 to 5 centimeter in width the margin of the leaves is cnet and apex is accumulated with
Claborous surface and smooth texture next point cultivation and collection the plant is not cultivated systematically it is found as commonwead in maharashtra bengal assam and uttar pradesh it can be cultivated in lomi soil and the common matter applicable to garden crops can be adapted for its cultivation it is propagated by seed germination the plant reaches
Maximum height of 2 to 3 meter under all favorable conditions next point chemical constituents the loops contain very small amount of essential oil and quinazoline alkaloids 0.5 to 1 percent such as viscosity and vasocinon the roots as well as bark of the plant is also found to contain alkaloids in addition to the alkaloids it contains yellow coloring matter
And vas vasakin a non-nitrogenous crystalline substance uses it is used as an expectorant bronchodilators and as mild bronchial antisplash body vasocine is reported to possess oxytocic action vaccine is reported to be bronchoconstrictor whereas its auto oxidized from vacation on is a bronchodilator now second code drugs that is tulsi synonyms sacred basil holy
Basil biological sauce it consists of fresh and dried leaves of osimum symptom belonging to family labiati it contains not less than 0.4 percent of eugenol in dried bases geographical distribution it is herbaceous much branch annual plant found throughout india it is considered to be circuits by indus the plant is commonly cultivated in garden and also grown
Near temples it is propagated by seeds tulsi nowadays is cultivated commercially for its volatile oil next point organoleptic characters it is much branch small hops about 30 to 75 centimeter in height all parts of tulsi are used in medicine specially fresh and dried leaves the leaves are oblong acute with entire or serrated margin absence on both sides and
Magnetically gland dotted the loops are green in color with aromatic flavor and slightly pungent taste the flowers are purplish in color in the forms of resimus netlets are subglobus slightly compressed pale brown or red in color seeds are reddish black and subglobus next point chemical constituents tool salutes are found to contain bright yellow colored and
Pleasant volatile oil from 0.1 to 0.9 percent the oil content of the drug varies depending upon the type place of cultivation and season of its collection the oil is collected by steam distillation method from leaves and flowering tops chemically it contains approximately 70 percents eugenol caracal 3 percent and eugenol methyl ether 20 percent it also contains
Carophylline seeds contain fixed oil with good drying properties the plant is also reported to contain traces of alkaloids saponin tannin and appreciable amount of vitamin c and traces of malig citric and tartaric acid next point uses the fresh leaves its juice and volatile oil are used for various purposes the oil is antibacterial and insecticidal the loose
Are used as stimulant now next third quadrant that is stole balsam synonyms balsam of tolu biological source balsam of tolu is solid or semi-solid balsam obtained from the trunks of myroxylon balsamum belonging to family ligamentosis it contains not less than 35 percents and not more than 50 percent of total balsamic acids calculated as cinnamic acid on dry
Ethanol soluble matter geographical distribution it is indigenous to columbia and collected in west indies and cuba tolu is the name of place on the north coast of colombia near cartagena and hence the name of the drug next point organoleptic characters color allows to brownish alot to brown order aromatic and vanilla like test aromatic extra features it is
A tensious mass becoming hardened and finally brittle it darkens on keeping solubility it is soluble in alcohol 90 ether chloroform and in glassyl acetic acid standards for pharmaceutical purposes it should comply with the following standards first one acid value 100 to 160 second one reaction alcoholic solution is acidic to litmus third one easter value 40
To 95 fourth one saponification value 170 to 230 fifth one loss on drawing not more than four percent alcohol insoluble matter not more than five percent now next point collection it is a pathological product secreted in cortex of young things it is collected by making v-shape institutions in work the drug is collected on calibration cups and transfer to tin
Containers next point chemical constituents balsam of tolu contains 12 percent to 15 of ferric cinnamic acid about 8 percent of free benzoic acid 7.5 percent of oily liquid that is cinnamine containing benzyl benzoate and benzyl cinnamon which constituents about 80 percent of the drug contains cheaply easter of tolu reginophenol small quantities if vanillin and
Sterol are also reported in the drug the volatile oil obtained by distillation form balsam does not extend three percent the tolu oil is yellow liquid with highly fragrant flavor next point chemical test first one when heated and pressed in between two glass slides and examine under microscope it exhibits crystals of cinnamic acid second one to alcoholic solution
Of balsam of tolu add a solution of ferric chloride green color is produce third one form gently about 1 gram of the drug with 5 ml of potassium per magnet solution order of benz aldehyde is produce next point uses balsam uptolu is used as an expectorant and as flavoring agent it is also an antiseptic it is a common ingredient of cup mixture it is used in the
Preparation of con confectionary chewing gums and perfumery next point adulterants many times existed balsam of tolu is added to the drugs fixitiest balsam tolu balsams prepared by adding benzoin and cinnamic acids to the existed balsam can be detected by lack of its natural flavor and volatile oil content colophone is also added to balsam optonu its presence
Can be detected by the test of a biotic acid the active consequence of colophone peru balsam is obtained from stems of myroxylan peri that is family ligamentosis grown in central america peru and guatemala it contains 60 percent mixture of balsamic vistas that is cinnamon 35 percent easter of balsamic acids with pero-ricenotenol and vanillin it is used as an
Antiseptic expectorant and in treatment of scabies thank you you
Transcribed from video
Anti-Tussives By Mula Rural Institute of Pharmacy Sonai