Disclaimer: This video is for educational purposes only!
Okay hello dear students welcome back to your channel i love pharmacology and today’s class let us learn about a very important drug effects so what you want to learn is first of all so drug effects so there are different kinds of drug effects so let us see what are all the drug effects which you can encounter in pharmacology so first one is the audit tube additive
Effect additive effect second one is synergistic synergistic effect and third one is potentiation potentiation and fourth one is and gonism or antagonistic antagonistic effect fifth one is permissive action permissive action on permissive effect and six this axis tricky phylactic effect so let us see one by one so after all this effects means so please
Remember auditive effects auditive effects means whenever a substance a and substance b is added together the effect of substance a so the effect of substance a and substance b substance b is equal to is equal to the sum of the individual effects some of the individual effects is that clear so the effect of substance a and b is equal to the individual effects
Of a and b so that means to say if we take an example of aspirin and paracetamol so they are basically analgesic agent analgesic agent and both help in relieving the pain so here the effect of subs effect of substance a and b if it is 2 if it is true plus 2 it just adds up just adds up whereas in the case of synergistic synergistic effect what happens
Is the effect of drug a and b a and b together is more than that of the effect of individual substance a and b here what is the example for synergistic action so here the example you can quote is the anti-platelet action there is the aspirin with clopidogrel so effect of 2 plus 2 will be more than 4. more than four so let us see what do you understand
By potentiation so potentiation means so you are combining two drugs remember the effect of substance b doesn’t have any therapeutic value but it will going to enhance the activity or efficacy of the drug a so you can see that so a plus b usually effect will be more than that of the individual ducts individual drugs so the example here you can quote is the
Code is the carbidopa carbidopa when it is combined with levodopa foreign so if this drug has got effect 0 if it is combined with the levodopa the effect will be more than two so it is called as potentiation the carbidopa is potentiating the effect of the levodopa so next coming to the antagonistic action so here you can see that so the effect of substance a
As well as substance b substance b is less than the individual effect less than the individual effect so what is the example what you can quote here here the example is the ethanol ethanol which is an antidote antidote and the treatment of methanol poisoning or methanol toxicity here what happens is the effect of two drug effect of two drug is less than 4.
It is less than 4. next is permissive action here the presence of one drug has to be therefore full action or full effect of the other drug for example drug a has to be present for the full action of the b so the example is cortisol corticosteroids has to be present cortisol has to be present for fully functioning of character collar mines if you want to see
The intercolumbian response whenever the catecholamine at there should be a cortisol so only when cortisol is present the catecholamines will going to produce their effects next is the decafellaxis when any drug is given for example if a drug a is given at a repeated interval of time repeated interval of time at the same dose what happens there will be decrease
In the response there is a decrease in the response so the example which you can quote here is the nasal decongestant nasal decongestant so which is a nasal decongestant you can remember of so one such example is the oxy line oxymetazolin which is indirectly acting simple thermometric agent when you give this there will be a rebound reborn condition so in
This class we have seen the various drug effects mainly we have seen the six important drug effects that is we can see that there is a additive effect there’s a synergistic effect there’s a potentiation there is antagonistic effect there’s a permissive effect and the decafellactic effect just to revise additive means whenever you add up the drug they were simply
Add-ups example is aspirin and parastamol they will add up the analytic activity simple concept remember is 2 plus 2 is 4. synergistic effect when a substance a and b is combined together the effect of combined drug will be more than that of the individual effects here adding clopidogrel with the aspirin so 2 plus 2 will be more than 4. potentiation here one of
The drug will be having no therapeutic value but that drug will going to increase the effect of the other drug here you can see that when a drug a is combined with b the effect will be more than that of the individual a and b of x the one such example is the classical example is the carbidopa and combined with leeward of although carbo doesn’t have any therapeutic
Value carbidopa will going to increase the therapeutic efficacy of the levodopa 0 plus 2 the effect will be more than two antagonistic effect whenever you combine a drug a and b the together effect will be less than the individual bug effects here you can see ethanol which is antidote for methanol toxicity two plus two will be less than 4. permissive effect so here
The presence of a has to be there for the fully actioning of the drug b one such example is the cortisol has to be present for the full effects of the catacolamide what is the technicalactic effect so whenever a drug is given at a successive or repeated interval of time at the same dose the response will going to decrease the example is that nasal decongestant so
Initial decongestant example is oxy metazolin whenever you use this at a successive interval with a repeated administration of the drug there will be decrease in the response which can lead to rebound congestion so if you find this video useful please do subscribe to my channel hello pharmacology and do not forget to share and hit the like button for more updates
On our apology thank you we’ll meet up in the next video with the interesting topic on pharmacology thank you
Transcribed from video
Drug Effects | Additive | Synergism | Potentiation | Antagonism | Permissive | Tachyphylaxis By ilovepharmacology